The Witchy Power of Story: Every story is a spell, and every reader is willingly enchanted

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Fictional stories are portals. They draw readers across a threshold into other worlds, where characters lead them through human dramas and deliver far more than escapism.

In many ways, stories are magical incantations. An alchemy of the writer’s words and the reader’s lived experience. Jonathan Gottschall, in The Storytelling Animal: How Stories Make Us Human, calls this the “weird and witchy power” of story.

The Witchy Power of Story

We are so immersed in stories that we forget how strange it is that mere words can alter our thoughts, emotions, even our bodies. Gottschall’s phrase—“weird and witchy power”—is an apt metaphor for the enchantment and danger of story: it seduces, reshapes, and ensnares.

Writers, in this sense, cast spells. They shift readers’ awareness and lived experience. Not with malice, but with magic. In my view, this spell is often medicinal, a way stories help us heal what life wounds.

The Irresistible Pull

Gottschall notes that “human minds yield helplessly to the suction of story” (p. 3). We can try to resist, but narrative captures our attention whether it arrives as gossip, a novel, or a binge-worthy show. Stories are alternate worlds we slip into, often without conscious choice.

I believe readers sense, maybe even unconsciously, that stories will soothe them, mending their minds, hearts, and souls.

Suspension of Disbelief

English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge coined the term “willing suspension of disbelief,” describing the tacit agreement between reader and writer. But Gottschall reminds us that will hardly enters into it.

Stories override our defenses. A simple phrase like “once upon a time”opens the door, and suddenly we are inside.

Storytelling as Spellcasting

Gottschall likens the storyteller to a sorcerer casting an incantation. If the spell is strong, resistance is nearly impossible; the only escape is to close the book.

This elevates storytelling from craft to conjuring. Writers wield a powerful wand, entering the reader’s mind and imagination, shaping thoughts and even bodily responses.

Readers as Co-Creators

Reading may appear passive, but the brain is anything but idle. Language centers fire, sensorimotor regions light up as we vicariously experience actions, and the default mode network engages to simulate mental states and environments.

The writer provides the framework. The reader’s imagination supplies the color, texture, and emotion. Stories “work” because they are co-creations between teller and audience.

The Subtle Power of the Writer

The writer guides but cannot fully control what the reader imagines. The paradox of story—that witchy magic—is this: enough precision to bind the reader’s mind and imagination, enough openness to let them weave themselves into it.

A Closing Spell

If stories are spells, then writers are modern-day witches (Alan Moore called them shamans). With words, they seize attention and alter consciousness.

Recognizing this power makes us more intentional about the stories we create—and more reverent of their influence. Storytelling may feel “fun” at times, but it is also sacred work: the forging of unseen, ethereal connections between humans who may never meet.

6 Essential Types of Backstory (and How to Use Them to Write Better Fiction)

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Backstory is one of the most powerful—and fun—tools we have as fiction writers.

It deepens character, enriches the present action, and helps readers make sense of a character’s motivations, desires, and emotional complexity. When done well, backstory doesn’t interrupt the flow of your narrative—it enhances it.

In this post, I’ll walk you through six key types of backstory, how they show up in fiction, and how to use them strategically in your writing.

1. Context

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Context backstory provides readers with a look into your character’s past environments—both external and internal—through descriptive narrative.

These can be:

Spatial environments (e.g., the house they grew up in)
Temporal environments (e.g., a specific time period like the summer of 1978)
Emotional environments (e.g., the mood and feel of a childhood household)

Example:

“The old, rusted out car at the side of the house wasn’t just a car; it was a silent symbol…” *

In this example, the physical object (the car) becomes a container for layered meaning—a tool to deliver emotional and historical resonance without breaking the story flow. We see both the sweetness of childhood memories and the trauma of a life-altering accident in one compact scene.

*For the entire example, view my video on backstory on YouTube.

2. Memory / Recollection

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Backstory through memory typically emerges when something in the present triggers a character’s recollection.

Triggers can include:

An event (a funeral, wedding, or birth)
Another character (someone who resembles or reminds the protagonist of someone else)
An object (a necklace, a flower, a familiar song)

This can take the form of:

A brief expository recollection
A vivid flashback scene
A drip of information spread throughout the story

3. Flashback

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Flashbacks are full-blown scenes from an earlier time that interrupt the main story. Unlike descriptive context, flashbacks tend to be dramatized with dialogue, action, and vivid setting details.

Think of a flashback as a scene, not a summary.

Example from Miranda’s Garden:

“Her parents call again. Miranda takes one last look at her creation, wishes it well with a bow, and dashes back into the corn…” *

This excerpt plunges us into Miranda’s lived experience with rich detail and emotional intensity. The flashback becomes a living, breathing part of the story world.

*For the entire example, view my video on backstory on YouTube.

Novels that use flashbacks well:

The Girl on the Train by Paula Hawkins
Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn

4. Drip

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Drip backstory is when you reveal a character’s past in small, carefully placed bits throughout the narrative—never all at once.

This technique keeps readers curious and engaged, often building suspense or emotional impact.

Example from Miranda’s Garden

“Miranda lived with a kind of Illusion, which had infiltrated her awareness many years before, starting with the death of her parents when she was five…”

Just one line, and yet we glimpse a major trauma that shapes Miranda’s inner world. The reader wants to know more.

Novels that use drip backstory:

The Goldfinch by Donna Tartt
V for Vendetta by Alan Moore & David Lloyd
Station Eleven by Emily St. John Mandel

5. Exposition / Summary

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Exposition is the direct telling of backstory, either through the narrator’s voice or through indirect cues like action, dialogue, or setting.

This can be:

Direct: The narrator explains what happened.
Indirect: We learn through implication, mood, or metaphor.

Examples:

The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien (direct explanation of hobbits and their lifestyle)
The Midnight Library by Matt Haig (direct)
One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez (both direct and indirect)

Use exposition sparingly—but don’t be afraid to use it. Sometimes, a quick summary is the most efficient way to ground your reader in the story world.

6. Dialogue

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Dialogue is one of the most natural and seamless ways to slip backstory into your fiction. When done well, it reveals history, relationship dynamics, and emotional stakes—without feeling like exposition.

Example:

“So, how do you know Marcus?” Rochelle asked.
“Oh, we go way back,” said Ayla.

“Let’s just say we got into some things…”
“What kinds of things…?”
“Think vacant houses, a secret club, and a vow to never tell anyone about any of it.” *

Here, the backstory unfolds like a game of cat and mouse. The reader becomes part of the conversation, piecing together history with every line.

*For the entire example, view my video on backstory on YouTube.

Novels that use dialogue-based backstory:

The Salt Witch by Martha Wells
• Your Fathers, Where Are They? And the Prophets, Do They Live Forever? by Dave Eggers

Final Thoughts: Why Backstory Matters

Backstory is more than filler. It’s an engine for character development, emotional resonance, and thematic depth.

When we as writers explore our characters’ pasts, we don’t just create richer stories—we come to understand their present-day fears, desires, and behaviors on a deeper level. And when we understand them better, so do our readers.

Backstory is where we connect the dots, where the emotional truth of a character is born.

Want to learn more?

My next flip book—What You Need to Know About Backstory to Write Good Fiction—is almost ready. In it, I’ll be sharing tips to help you decide which backstory approach best suits your characters, your genre, and your narrative structure.

To receive a notification about when it and other upcoming flip books are available, follow me on YouTube and Substack.

Until then…

As always, sending you mad writing mojo.

Happy writing!

— Johnnie

Story and Plot: What’s the Difference?

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You’ve likely read or heard me go on and on about how your people (your characters and/or your Ideal Reader) come first when preparing to write a book. As I’ve posited many times over, once we know our people DEEPLY, the plot starts to reveal itself.

But what about story? How does it figure into the process of getting our people from the beginning to end of their adventures? And what is story, anyway?

Kurt Vonnegut clarified traditional, recurring story forms to help us comprehend the concept of story by visualizing them in shapes.

Here’s how I think of it.

First, plot is the container within which your characters and their stories live and breathe. I think of it as the body that holds all the parts—the locations your people occupy, the scenes they live out, and the exposition that reflects their experiences in their adventures, conversations, and conflicts.

Story, on the other hand, is the heart of it all. Story pumps the blood within and throughout and gives life to your people’s thrills and tribulations—the plot. Or, the path your people will follow throughout the story.

Story is what makes your readers care and keep turning the page.

This likely sounds vague and intangible. And it is, in a way. It’s what we, as writers, feel within us when we conceive of a protagonist and care enough to put pen to paper or fingers to keyboard. Likewise, it’s what makes our readers stay engaged throughout and, in the end, feel they’ve had an experience that goes beyond simply reading words on a page.

So how do we create story?

Just like a body is made up of many parts, so is story. And just as with all the many parts of the body that keep it running smoothly, we can think of the many parts of story in the same way.

Without understanding these important and essential features, it can be difficult—if not impossible—to begin and keep moving forward.

To help you begin to create a path for your people and get to know them, here are three essential aspects to a solid foundation for your novel or memoir.

Opening scene
This scene puts your reader right in the story world by showing her who your protagonist is, what her status quo life looks like (before the inciting incident), and what she might need or want to change. That thing she desires.

Inciting incident
This scene happens in a ways (I always tell my clients to use three chapters or 45 pages as a guide… this can always change as the writing and story evolve). It’s the event or situation that happens and is out of the protagonist’s control. It’s what sets her off on a new trajectory that serves as a path for the story’s unfolding.

Sensorial experiences
Using vivid descriptions—including setting and place—that create a lucid, true-to-life sensorial experience for your reader is essential. When you help her see, smell, taste, touch, and hear, as well as sense, the details of your story world, you infuse her real-life world with wonder, which makes her want to keep invest in your protagonist and your book.

So, what then, after these elements of the story have been determined and written?

We keep checking back in on what we discovered about our protagonist’s deepest desire, wound, and fear. And we write scenes that build on and connect with each other, that suture the protagonist into the reader’s heart, that offer a means to understand this particular human’s—your protagonist’s— inner world.

We keep asking the all-important question: “Why?”

And if we keep writing, we find the answers.

Sending you mad writing mojo…

Happy writing!@